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Types of Molecules

 A molecule is formed by the chemical combinations of atoms. It is the smallest unitbof a substance. It shows all the properties of the substance and can exist independently.

There are different types of molecules depending upon the number and types of atoms combining. A few types are discussed here.

Monoatomic Molecules:

A molecule consisting of only one atom is called monoatomic molecule. For
example, the inert gases helium, neon and argon all exist independently in atomic form
and they are called monoatomic molecules.

Diatomic Molecules:

If a molecule consists of two atoms, it is called diatomic molecule. For example:
hydrogen (H ), oxygen (O2), chlorine (Cl ) and hydrogen chloride (HCl).

Triatomic Molecules:

If it consists of three atoms, it is called triatomic molecule. For example :H2O and CO2. 

Poly atomic Molecules:

If a molecule consists of many atoms, it is called polyatomic. For example: methane
(CH4), sulphuric acid (H2SO4 ) and glucose (C6H12O6). 

Homoatomic Molecules:

A Molecule containing same type of atoms, is called homoatomic molecule. For
example: hydrogen (H2), ozone (O3 ), sulphur (S8) and phosphorus (P4) are the examples of molecules formed by the same type of atoms. 

Heteroatomic Molecules:

When a molecule consists of different
kinds of atoms, it is called heteroatomic molecule. For example: CO2 , H2O and NH3 .

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