Skip to main content

Branches of Chemistry

 Hello! 

Today's topic is "Branches of Chemistry"

We are living in the world of chemicals. We all depend upon different living organisms which requires water,  oxygen or carbon dioxide for their survival. Chemistry had a wide scope in all aspects of life and is serving the humanity day and night. 

The five main branches of chemistry are organic, inorganic, analytical, physical, and biochemistry.

Now we will discuss about each branch. 

Organic Chemistry:

It is the study of  compounds of carbon and hydrogen and their derivatives. Organic compounds occur naturally and are also synthesized in the laboratory. It has applications in petroleum, petrochemicals and pharmaceutical industries. 


Inorganic Chemistry:

It deals with the study of all the elements and their compounds except those of compounds of carbon and hydrogen and their derivatives. It has applications in every aspect of chemical industry such an glass, cement, ceramic and metallurgy. 

Analytical Chemistry:

It is the branch of chemistry that deals with separation and analysis of a sample to identify it's compounds. It may be a qualitative analysis or quantitative analysis

Physical Chemistry:

It is the branch that deals with the relationship between composition and physical properties of matter. It also deals with the changes of matter. For example;behavior of solids, liquids and gases, structure of atom, effect of temperature or radiation on matter etc. 

Biochemistry:

It is the branch of chemistry in which we study about structure, composition and chemical reactions of substances found in living organisms. Biochemistry is the study of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms.The field focuses on nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.

These are main field of chemistry which I discussed today. In my next blog we will discuss more branches of chemistry. 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Nitrogen Cycle

 Nitrogen occurs prominently in all the spheres of the environment. The atmosphere is 78% elemental nitrogen, N2, by volume and comprises an inexhaustible reservoir of this essential element. Nitrogen, although constituting much less of biomass than carbon or oxygenoxygen, is an essential constituent of proteins. The N2 molecule is very stable so that breaking it down into atoms that can be incorporated with inorganic and organic chemical forms of nitrogen is the limit- ing step in the nitrogen cycle. This does occur by highly energetic processes in lightning discharges that produce nitrogen oxides. Elemental nitrogen is also incorporated into chemically bound forms. or fixed by biochemical processes mediated by microorganisms. The biological nitrogen is mineral- ized to the inorganic form during the decay of biomass. Large quantities of nitrogen are fixed synthetically under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions according to the following over- all reaction:     ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Cycles of Matter

 Very much connected with environmental chemistry, cycles of matter, often based on elemental cycles, are of utmost importance in the environment. Global geochemical cycles can be regarded from the viewpoint of various reservoirs, such as oceans, sediments, and the atmosphere, connected by conduits through which matter moves continuously among the hydrosphere, atmosphere, geo- sphere, biosphere, and, increasingly, the anthrosphere. The movement of a specific kind of matter between two particular reservoirs may be reversible or irreversible. The fluxes of movement for particular kinds of matter vary greatly as do the contents of such matter in a specified reservoir. Most cycles of matter have a strong biotic component, especially through the biochemical processesof plants and microorganisms. The cycles in which organisms participate are called biogeochemical cycles, which describe the circulation of matter, particularly plant and animal nutrients, through ecosystems. Most biogeoche...
Post a Comment
Read more

Structure of Atom (Part 6)

Bohr's Atomic Theory: Keeping in view the defects in Rutherford's Atomic Model, Neil Bohr presented another model of atom in 1913.The Quantum Theory of Max Planck was used as foundation for this model. According to Bohr's model, revolving electron in an atom does not absorb or emit energy continuously. The energy of a revolving electron is 'quantized' as it revolves only in orbits of fixed energy, called 'energy levels' by him.  The Bohr's atomic model was based upon the following postulates: i. The hydrogen atom consists of a tiny nucleus and electrons are revolving in one of circular orbits of radius ‘r’ around the nucleus. ii. Each orbit has a fixed energy that is quantized.  iii. As long as electron remains in a particular orbit, it does not radiate or absorb energy. The energy is emitted or absorbed only when an electron jumps from one orbit to another. iv. When an electron jumps from lower orbit to higher orbit, it absorbs energy and when it jumps ...
Post a Comment
Read more